Advances in the development of a methodology for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (cmv) primoinfections in pregnant women
Keywords:
Avidity index, cytomegalovirus, pregnant women, ureaAbstract
Cytomegalovirus (Herpesviridae) causes commonly benign infections. However, the first maternal infection during pregnancy is associated with congenital malformations. In Venezuela it is necessary to develop techniques for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases due to CMV. Objective: To develop and validate a modification to a commercial CMV Elisa-IgG for the reliable determination of the Avidity Index (AI) of IgG antibodies to CMV in pregnant women. Methodology: Two anti-CMV Elisa-IgG kits (DiaSorin and BIOKIT) were compared, assaying 25 CMV panel samples (BioRad), washing one of the duplicates with a 6M Urea solution, in order to determine AI. A total of 280 samples were assayed with the DiaSorin kit (selected) and by complement fixation (Fc'). 150 positive samples were studied by Elisa-Avidez. Results and conclusions: In 40 of 150 samples, the AI was ≤ of 60%, compatible with recent CMV infection. 33 corresponded to children under 10 years old and 7 to symptomatic adolescents or young adults; of these, 3 were pregnant women with urinary infection. From the rest of the pregnant women (31 samples), 23 had high antibody titers by Fc' (primoinfection), without risk for the fetus. These results show a reliable methodology for the study of Avidity to CMV with high AI. It is required the study of serial samples from pregnant women by this methodology and by real time PCR for the definitive validation.
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