BRICS: comparative analysis of the scientific and technological potential for innovation of the member countries
Keywords:
Global indices, BRICS, international ranking, R&DAbstract
The BRICS countries ( Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) are the largest emerging markets that are undergoing processes of modernisation and economic restructuring and that occupy the top positions on the regional scale, surpassing in many indicators those of the global level. This paper presents an analysis and interpretation of the results of the BRICS countries’ positions in four global indices of science and technology activities that have a direct impact on their innovation capabilities, providing a comparison of the performance of each of the five countries. Finally, a comparison of the performance between the BRICS and Venezuela is presented.
Downloads
References
Dutta, S. y Lanvin, B. (2023) “Network Readiness Index 2023. Trust in a Network Society: A crisis of the digital age?”. Portulans Institute. Disponible en: https://t.ly/HMY6i.
O'Neill, J. (2001) “Building Better Global Economic BRICs”. Global Economics Paper No. 66 (66). Goldman Sachs & Co.
Pighin, J. (2020) “Sistema Político Chino”. Santa Fe de la Cruz: Universidad Católica de Santa Fe.
RodionovaI, I. (2015) “Competitiveness of countries in the world innovation economy: East-Central Europe and Russia”. Quaestiones Geographicae 32(2): 15-24.
United Nations Development Programme (2017) “Global Knowledge Index 2017”. Dubai: Al Ghurair Printing and Publishing. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/lxAP0.
United Nations Development Programme (2020) “Global Knowledge Index 2020”. Dubai: Al Ghurair Printing and Publishing. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/czLMW.
United Nations Development Programme (2021) “Global Knowledge Index 2021”. Dubai: Al Ghurair Printing and Publishing. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/cvy79.
United Nations Development Programme (2022) “Global Knowledge Index 2022”. Dubai: Al Ghurair Printing and Publishing. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/lxAP0.
World Economic Forum (2014) “The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015”. Ginebra. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/fnvX7.
World Economic Forum (2014) “The Global Information Technology Report: Rewards and Risks of Big Data”. Disponible en: https://t.ly/B8Hot.
World Economic Forum (2019) “The Global Competitiveness Report Special Edition 2019”. Ginebra. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/oxDOP.
World Economic Forum (2020) “The Global Competitiveness Report Special Edition 2020: How Countries are Performing on the Road to Recovery”. Ginebra. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/bvDTZ.
World Intelectual Property Organisation (2017) “Global Innovation Index 2017: Innovation Feeding the World”. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/dkR48.
World Intelectual Property Organisation (2018) “Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation”. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/uyFSZ.
World Intelectual Property Organisation (2019) “Global Innovation Index 2019: Creating Healthy Lives—The Future of Medical Innovation”. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/nHIN0.
World Intelectual Property Organisation (2020) “Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation?”. Disponible en: https://t.ly/DNNq_.
World Intelectual Property Organisation (2021) “Global Innovation Index 2021: Tracking Innovation through the COVID-19 Crisis”. Disponible en: https://shorturl.at/nvzLX.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
