SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. diagnostic, vaccine development, treatment aspects, and venezuelan educative sector impact

Abstract

To aim to describe the main aspects of diagnosis, antiviral chemotherapies, vaccine development and finally the effect on the national educational sector caused by SARS-CoV-2, a review was carried out in the databases: PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar with a combination of keywords in English and Spanish. SARS-CoV-2 is a group IV orthocoronavirinae, belonging to the betacoronavirus genus, which causes the current pandemic disease defined by the World Health Organization as COVID-19. This is considered by world experts as an emerging viral infection. Its origin is veterinary and its transmission is zoonotic, from viruses that have bats as reservoirs and as an intermediate host the pangolin, from which it is inferred it could adapt to humans, to be transmitted from person to person, through respiratory droplets and nasal secretions contaminated with particles of about 5 microns in diameter, highly infectious. The analysis carried out allows us to infer that rapid serological tests allow the screening of a large number of samples from patients with suspected COVID-19, while the definitive diagnosis is made via the polymerase chain reaction. The best antiviral for treatment purpose so far is Remdesivir. The massive application of vaccines to our population, together with the use of masks, distance of at least 2 meters between individuals, proper hand washing, are the main control strategies to mitigate the effects of the current pandemic.